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Gonzalo Torres, PhD

Professor and Chair of Molecular Pharmacology & Neuroscience

Publications/Research Listings

  • Bitran, M., Torres, G., Fournier, A., St Pierre, S., and Huidobro-Toro, J. P. (1991). Age and castration modulate the inhibitory action of neuropeptide Y on neurotransmission in the rat vas deferens. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 203, 267-274.
  • Torres, G., Bitran, M., and Huidobro-Toro, J. P. (1992). Co-release of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and noradrenaline from the sympathetic nerve terminals supplying the rat vas deferens; influence of calcium and the stimulation intensity. Neurosci. Lett. 148, 39-42.
  • Torres, G.E., Holt, I. L., and Andrade, R. (1994). Antagonists of 5-HT4 receptor-mediated responses in adult hippocampal neurons. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 271, 255-261.
  • Torres, G. E., Chaput, Y., and Andrade, R. (1995). Cyclic AMP and protein kinase A mediate 5-hydroxytryptamine type 4 receptor regulation of calcium-activated potassium current in adult hippocampal neurons. Mol. Pharmacol. 47, 191-197.
  • Bitran, M., Torres, G., Tapia, W., and Huidobro-Toro, J. P. (1996). Neuropeptide Y inhibits [3H]-noradrenaline release in the rat vas deferens independently of cAMP levels. Neurochem. Int. 28, 309-317.
  • Torres, G. E., Arfken, C. L., and Andrade, R. (1996). 5-Hydroxytryptamine4 receptors reduce afterhyperpolarization in hippocampus by inhibiting calcium-induced calcium release. Mol. Pharmacol. 50, 1316-1322.
  • Nowak, F. V., Torres, G., Golden, J., and Hu, S. B. (1997). Expression of the preoptic regulatory factor-1 and -2 genes in rat testis. Developmental and hormonal regulation. Endocrine 6, 65-72.
  • Torres, G. E., Egan, T. M., and Voigt, M. M. (1998). Topological analysis of the ATP-gated ionotropic P2X2 receptor subunit. FEBS Lett. 425, 19-23.
  • Torres, G. E., Egan, T. M., and Voigt, M. M. (1998). N-Linked glycosylation is essential for the functional expression of the recombinant P2X2 receptor. Biochemistry 37, 14845-14851.
  • Torres, G. E., Haines, W. R., Egan, T. M., and Voigt, M. M. (1998). Co-expression of P2X1 and P2X5 receptor subunits reveals a novel ATP-gated ion channel. Mol. Pharmacol. 54, 989-993.
  • Nowak, F. V., Torres, G. E., and Hu, S. B. (1999). Differential gene expression response to gonadal hormones by preoptic regulatory factors-1 and -2 in the female rat brain. Neuroendocrinology 69, 191-201.
  • Torres, G. E., Egan, T. M., Voigt, M. M. (1999). Hetero-oligomeric assembly of P2X receptor subunits. Specificities exist with regard to possible partners. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 6653-6659.
  • Torres, G. E., Egan, T. M. and Voigt, M. M. (1999). Identification of a domain involved in ATP-gated ionotropic receptor subunit assembly. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 22359-22365.
  • Haines, W.R., Torres, G. E., Voigt, M. M. and Egan, T. M. (1999). Properties of the novel ATP-gated ionotropic receptor composed of the P2X(1) and P2X(5) isoforms. Mol. Pharmacol. 56, 720-727.
  • Haines, W.R., Voigt, M.M., Migita, K., Torres, G.E., Egan, T.M. (2001). On the contribution of the first transmembrane domain to whole-cell current through an ATP-gated ionotropic P2X receptor.  5 J. Neurosci. 21, 5885-5892.
  • Torres, G.E., Yao, W. D., Mohn, A. R., Quan, H., Staudinger, J., and Caron, M. G. (2001). Functional interaction between monoamine neurotransmitter transporters and the synaptic PDZ domaincontaining protein. PICK1. Neuron 30, 121-134.
  • Chapin E., Had-Jamane, S., Torres, G. E., and Andrade R. (2002). The 5-HT4 receptor-induced depolarization in rat hippocampal neurons is mediated by cAMP but is independent of Ih. Neurosci. Lett. 324: 1-4.
  • Barbosa, J., Ferreira, L.T., Torres, G.E., Caron, M.G., Gomez, M.V., Ferguson, S.G., Prado, M.A., and Prado, V. F. (2002). Trafficking of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in SN56 cells: a dynaminsensitive step and interaction with the AP-2 adaptor complex. J. Neurochemistry 82, 1221-1228.
  • Carneiro, A., Ingram, S., Beaulieu, J-M., Sweeney, A., Amara, S.G., Thomas S., Caron, M.G., and Torres, G.E. (2002). The LIM-domain containing adaptor protein Hic-5 synaptically co-localizes and interacts with the dopamine transporter. J. Neurosci. 22, 7045-7054.
  • Gainetdinov, R.R., Bohn, L.M., Sotnikova, T.D., Cyr, M., Laakso, A., Macrae, A.D., Torres, G.E., Kim, K.M., Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. and Premont, R.T. (2003). Dopaminergic supersensitivity in G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6-deficient mice. Neuron 38, 291-303.
  • Torres, G. E., Carneiro, A., Sweeney, A., Yao, W. D. and Caron, M. G. (2003). Oligomerization and trafficking of the human dopamine transporter. Mutational analysis identifies critical domains important for the functional expression of the transporter. J. Biol. Chem.278, 2731-2739.
  • Torres, G.E. and Caron, M.G. (2003). Center stage for the serotonin transporter: a gain-of-function polymorphism in persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Mol. Pharmacol. 64, 196-198. 
  • Torres, G.E., Gainetdinov, R.R. and Caron, M.G. (2003). Plasma membrane monoamine transporters: structure, regulation and function. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 4, 13-25.
  • Quan, H., Athirakul, K., Wetsel, W.C., Torres, G.E., Stevens, R., Chen, Y.T., Coffman, T.M. and Caron, M.G. (2004). Hypertension and Impaired Glycine Handling in Mice Lacking the Orphan Transporter XT2. Mol. Cell Biol. 24, 4166-4173.
  • Beom, S., Cheong, D., Torres, G., Caron, M.G. and Kim, K.M. (2004). Comparative studies of molecular mechanisms of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors for the activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 28304-28314.
    Yao, W.D., Gainetdinov, R.R., Arbuckle, M.I., Sotnikova, T.D., Cyr, M., Beaulieu, J.M., Torres, G.E.,
  • Grant, S.G. and Caron, M.G. (2004). Identification of PSD-95 as a regulator of dopamine-mediated synaptic and behavioral plasticity. Neuron 41, 625-638.
  • Torres, G. E., Sweeney, A. Beaulieu, M., Shashidharan, P. and Caron, M. G. (2004). Effect of Torsin A on Membrane proteins reveals a loss-of-function function and dominant-negative phenotype linked with the dystonia-associated DE-torsinA mutant. P.N.A.S. 101, 15650-15655.
  • Torres, G.E. and Caron, M.G. (2005). Approaches to Identify Monoamine Transporters Interacting Proteins. J. Neurosci. Meth. 143, 63-68.6.
  • Redman, P.T., Jefferson, B.S., Ziegler, C.B., Mortensen, O.V., Torres, G.E., Levitan, E.S. and Aizenman E. (2006). A vital role for voltage-dependent potassium channels in dopamine transportermediated 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity. Neuroscience 2006 Nov 17; 143(1):1-6.
  • Torres, G.E. (2006). The Dopamine Transporter Proteome. J. Neurochem. 97, 3-10.
    Torres, G.E. and Amara, S.G. (2007). Glutamate and monoamine transporters: new visions of form and function. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 17, 304-12.
  • Talkowski, M.E., Kirov, G., Bamne, M., Georgieva L., Torres, G., Mansour, H., Chowdari, K.V., Milanova, V., Woos, J., McClain, L., Prasad, K., Shirts B., Zhang, J., O’Donovan, M.C., Owen, M.J., Devlin, B. and Nimgaonkar, V.L. (2008). A network of dopaminergic gene variations implicated as risk factors for schizophrenia. Hum. Mol. Genet. 17, 747-758.
  • Parra, L.A., Baust, T.B., El Mestikawy, S., Quiroz, M., Hoffman, B., Haflett, J.M., Yao, J.K. and Torres, G.E. (2008). The orphan transporter Rxt1/NTT4 (SLC6A17) functions as a synaptic vesicle amino acid transporter selective for proline, glycine, leucine, and alanine. Mol. Pharmacol. 74, 1521-32.
  • Wagner, A.K., Drewencki L., Chen, X., Santos, F.R., Khan, A.S., Harun, R., Torres, G.E., Michael, A.C., Dixon, C.E. (2009). Chronic Methylphenidate Treatment Enhances Striatal Dopamine Neurotransmission After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. J. Neurochem. 108, 986-97.
  • Egaña, L., Cuevas, R., Baust, T., Parra, L.A. Leak, R., Hochendoner, S., Peña, K., Quiroz, M., Hong, W.C., Dorostkar, M.M., Janz, R., Sitte, H.H. and Torres, G.E. (2009). Physical and functional interaction between the dopamine transporter and the synaptic vesicle protein synaptogyrin-3. J. Neurosci. 29, 4952-604.
  • Requena D.F., Parra L.A., Baust T.B., Quiroz M., Leak R.K., Garcia-Olivares J., Torres G.E. (2009). The molecular chaperone Hsc70 interacts with the vesicular monoamine transporter-2. J. Neurochem. 110, 581-94.
  • Huber-Ruano I., Pinilla-Macua I., Torres G., Casado F.J., Pastor-Anglada M. (2010). Link between high-affinity adenosine concentrative nucleoside transporter-2 (CNT2) and energy metabolism in intestinal and liver parenchymal cells. J. Cell Physiol. 225, 620-30.
  • Cartier, E., Baust, T., Parra, L., Quiroz, M., Egana, L. and Torres, G.E. (2010). A biochemical and functional protein complex involving dopamine synthesis and transport into synaptic vesicles. J. Biol.
    Chem. 285, 1957-66.
  • Lin, Z., Canales, J.J., Björgvinsson, T., Thomsen, M., Qu, H., Liu, Q.R., Torres, G.E. and Caine, S.B. (2011). Monoamine transporters: vulnerable and vital doorkeepers. Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl Sci. 98, 1-46.
    Sager, J.J. and Torres, G.E. (2011). Proteins interacting with monoamine transporters: current state and future challenges. Biochemistry 50, 7295-310.
  • Sager, J.J., Torres, G.E. and Burton, E. (2012). The zebrafish homologue of the human DYT1 dystonia gene is widely expressed in CNS neurons but non-essential for early motor system development. PLoS One 7 (9), e45175.
  • Matthews, M., Bondi, C., Torres, G. and Moghaddam, B. (2013). Reduced presynaptic dopamine activity in adolescent dorsal striatum. Neuropsychopharmacology. 38,1344-51. 7
  • Garcia-Olivares J., Torres-Salazar D., Owens W.A., Baust T., Siderovski D.P., Amara S.G., Zhu J., Daws L.C., Torres G.E. (2013). Inhibition of Dopamine Transporter Activity by G Protein βγ Subunits. PLoS One 8 (3), e59588.
  • Bondi, C.O., Taha, A.Y., Tock, J.L., Totah, N.K., Cheon, Y., Torres, G.E., Rapoport, S.I. and Moghaddam, B. (2014). Adolescent behavior and dopamine availability are uniquely sensitive to dietary omega-3 Fatty Acid deficiency. Biol Psychiatry 75, 38-46.
  • Harun, R., Grassi, C.M., Munoz, M. Wagner, A.K., Torres, G.E. (2015). Neurobiological model of stimulated dopamine neurotransmission to interpret fast-scan cyclic voltammetry data. Brain Research, 1599:67-84.
    Harun R, Hare KM, Brough ME, Munoz MJ, Grassi CM, Torres GE, Grace AA, Wagner AK. (2015). Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry demonstrates that L-DOPA produces dose-dependent regionally selective, bimodal effects on striatal dopamine kinetics in vivo. J Neurochem doi: 10.1111/jnc.13444.
  • Reddy, I., Pino, J., Weikos, P., Osses, N., Sørensen, G., Baust, T., Berring, T., Valle, C., Bluett, Erreger, K., Wortwein, G., Reyes, J. Graham, D., Stanwood,, G., Hackett, T., Patel, S., Fink-Jensen, S., Torres, G.E.* and Galli. A.* (2016). Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonism regulates cocaine actions and dopamine homeostasis in the lateral septum by decreasing arachidonic acid levels. Transl. Psychiatry 17, 6:e809.
  • (*Torres, G.E. and Galli. A contributed equally as senior authors)
    Parra, L., Baust, T., Smith, A.D., Smith, A., Jaumotte, J. Zigmond, M.J. Torres, S., Leak, R.K., Pino, J.A. and Torres G.E. (2016). The Molecular Chaperone Hsc70 Interacts with Tyrosine Hydroxylase to Regulate Enzyme Activity and Synaptic Vesicle Localization. J. Biol. Chem. 291, 17510-17522.
  • Garcia-Olivares, J., Baust, T., Hamilton, P. Galli, A., Amara, S.G., and Torres, G.E. (2017). GβY Subunit Activation Promotes Dopamine Efflux Through the Dopamine Transporter. Mol. Psychiatry. 22(12), 1673-1679.
  • Dib, T., Martínez-Pinto, J., Reyes-Parada, M., Torres, G.E. and Sotomayor-Zárate, R. (2017). Neonatal programming with testosterone propionate reduces dopamine transporter expression in nucleus accumbens and methylphenidate-induced locomotor activity in adult female rats. Behav. Brain Res. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.12.001.
  • Colon-Perez, L.M., Pino, J.A., Saha, K., Pompilus, M., Kaplitz, S., Choudhury ,N., Jagnarine, D.A., Geste, J.R., Levin, B.A., Wilks, I., Setlow, B., Bruijnzeel, A.W., Khoshbouei, H., Torres, G.E. and Febo, M. (2018). Functional connectivity, behavioral and dopaminergic alterations 24 hours following acute exposure to synthetic bath salt drug methylenedioxypyrovalerone. Neuropharm. 137:178-193.
  • Velásquez, V.B., Zamorano, G.A., Martínez-Pinto, J., Bonansco, C., Jara, P., Torres, G.E., Renard, G.M., and Sotomayor-Zárate, R. (2019). Programming of Dopaminergic Neurons by Early Exposure to Sex Hormones: Effects on Morphine-Induced Accumbens Dopamine Release, Reward, and Locomotor Behavior in Male and Female Rats. Front. Pharmacol. 10:295.
  • Cartier, E.C., Garcia-Olivares. J., Lin, M., Janezic, Torres, G.E.* and Kim, Y.* (2019). The SUMO conjugase Ubc9 regulates the Dopamine Transporter stability, degradation, and enhances its functional expression. Front. Cell Neurosci. 13:35. (* Torres and Kim are equal senior contributors) 8.
  • Lebowitz, J.J., Pino, J.A., Mackie, P.M., Lin, M., Hurst, C., Divita, K., Collins, A.T., Koutzoumis, D.N., Torres, G.E. and Khoshbouei, H. (2019). Clustered Kv2.1 decreases dopamine transporter activity and internalization. J. Biol. Chem. 294(17):6957-6971.
  • Mauna, J., Harris, S.S., Pino, J., Edwards, C.M., DeChellis-Marks, M.R., Bassi, C.D., Garcia-Olivares, J., Amara, S., Guajardo, F.G., Sotomayor-Zarate, R., Terminel, M., Castaneda, E., Vergara, M., Baust, T., Thiels, E., and Torres, G.E. (2019) G protein βY subunits play a crucial role in the actions of amphetamine. Transl. Psychiatry 9(1):81.
  • Koutzoumis, D.K., Vergara, M., Pino, J., Buddendorff, J., Khosbouei, H., Mandel R.J., and Torres, G.E. (2020). Alterations of the gut microbiota with antibiotics protects dopamine neuron loss and improve motor deficits in a pharmacological model of Parkinson’s disease. Exp. Neurol. 325: 113159.
  • Buford, T.W., Sun, Y., Roberts, L.M., Banerjee, A., Peramsetty, S., Knighton, A., Verma, A., Morgan, D., Torres, G.E., Li, Q., Carter, C.S. (2020). Angiotensin (1-7) delivered orally via probiotic, but not subcutaneously, benefits the gut-brain axis in older rats. Geroscience doi: 10.1007/s11357-020-00196-y.
  • Alonso, I., Pino, J.A., Kortagere, S., Torres, G.E., Espana, R. (2021). Dopamine transporter function fluctuates across sleep/wake state: potential impact for addiction. Neuropsychopharm, 46-699-708. doi: 10.1038/s41386-020-00879-2.
  • Pino, J.A., Nuñez-Vivanco, G., Hidalgo, G., Khoshbouei, H., Torres, G.E. (2021). Identification of Critical Residues in the Carboxy Terminus of the Dopamine Transporter Involved in the G protein βγ-Induced Dopamine Efflux. Front. Pharmacol. 12, 642881, doi:103389.
  • Pino, J.A., Awadallah, N., Norris, A., Torres, G.E. (2021). A Multiwell-based Method for Endogenous Monoamine Release Measurement in Brain Slices. J. Vis. Exp. 11:(174) doi: 10.3791/62127.